# Comparing IP and CLNP: Reaching Off-Subnet Nodes

DevFeed: [Comparing IP and CLNP: Reaching Off-Subnet Nodes](<https://devfeed.tech/articles/comparing-ip-and-clnp-reaching-off-subnet-nodes-11149.md>)

Original publisher: [Read original article](<https://blog.ipspace.net/2025/03/comparing-ip-clnp-off-subnet-nodes/>)

Published: 2025-03-05T07:08:00Z

Content type: tutorial

Language: en

Sources: [ipSpace.net blog](<https://devfeed.tech/sources/ipspace-net-blog.md>)

Topics: [TCP/IP](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/tcp-ip.md>), [networking](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/networking.md>), [DHCP](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/dhcp.md>), [Load Balancing](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/load-balancing.md>)

Tags: [cisco](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/cisco.md>), [dhcp](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/dhcp.md>), [ip](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/ip.md>), [ipv4](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/ipv4.md>), [ipv6](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/ipv6.md>), [load-balancing](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/load-balancing.md>), [networking-fundamentals](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/networking-fundamentals.md>), [routing](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/routing.md>)

## AI overview

This article compares how TCP/IP and CLNP identify a first-hop router for traffic to off-subnet nodes. It describes IPv4 default routes, DHCP configuration, first-hop redundancy protocols, and CLNP Intermediate System Hellos.

## Source excerpt

The previous blog post in this series discussed how TCP/IP and CLNP reach adjacent nodes and build ARP/ND/ES caches. Now let's move one step further: how do nodes running IPv4/IPv6 or CLNP discover the first-hop router that could forward their traffic to off-subnet nodes they want to communicate with? Read more ...