# Uncertain⟨T⟩

DevFeed: [Uncertain⟨T⟩](<https://devfeed.tech/articles/uncertain-t-29004.md>)

Original publisher: [Read original article](<https://nshipster.com/uncertainty/>)

Author: Mattt (mattt@nshipster.com)

Published: 2025-07-25T07:00:00Z

Content type: article

Language: en

Sources: [NSHipster](<https://devfeed.tech/sources/nshipster.md>)

Topics: [Programming](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/programming.md>), [Math and Logic](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/math-and-logic.md>), [Swift](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/swift.md>), [C#](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/csharp.md>), [GitHub](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/github.md>)

Tags: [c-sharp](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/c-sharp.md>), [code](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/code.md>), [graph](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/graph.md>), [logic](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/logic.md>), [miscellaneous](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/miscellaneous.md>), [models](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/models.md>), [programming](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/programming.md>), [research](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/research.md>), [swift](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/swift.md>)

## AI overview

This article explains how software can represent uncertainty instead of forcing noisy data into Boolean logic. It discusses the Uncertain type, probabilistic programming, computation graphs, and Sequential Probability Ratio Testing, including a Swift port of concepts originally implemented in C#.

## Source excerpt

GPS coordinates aren't exact. Sensor readings have noise. User behavior is probabilistic. Yet we write code that pretends uncertainty doesn't exist, forcing messy real-world data through clean Boolean logic.