# Ethereum Proof-of-Stake Validator Signing and Withdrawal Keys

DevFeed: [Ethereum Proof-of-Stake Validator Signing and Withdrawal Keys](<https://devfeed.tech/articles/validated-staking-on-eth2-4-keys-16906.md>)

Original publisher: [Read original article](<https://blog.ethereum.org/en/2020/05/21/keys>)

Author: Carl Beekhuizen

Published: 2020-05-21T00:00:00Z

Content type: article

Language: en

Sources: [Ethereum Foundation Blog](<https://devfeed.tech/sources/ethereum-foundation-blog.md>)

Topics: [Security](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/security.md>), [Software](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/software.md>)

Tags: [mnemonic](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/mnemonic.md>), [offline](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/offline.md>), [public-key](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/public-key.md>), [research-development](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/research-development.md>), [secrets](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/secrets.md>), [security](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/security.md>), [signing](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/signing.md>), [standards](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/standards.md>)

## AI overview

The article explains that Ethereum Proof-of-Stake validators use separate signing and withdrawal keys. Signing keys are kept by connected client software for validator duties, while withdrawal keys control funds and can be stored offline. EIPs 2333 and 2334 describe deriving related keys from a single mnemonic.

## Source excerpt

Special thanks to Sacha Yves Saint-Leger & Danny Ryan for their review. At the core of every Proof of Stake system is a signature scheme. Signatures are used to verify the identity of each validator allowing their actions, both good and bad, to be attributed to them. We...