# eigenvectors

Published articles for eigenvectors.

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## A Spectral Analysis of Moore Graphs

DevFeed: [A Spectral Analysis of Moore Graphs](<https://devfeed.tech/articles/a-spectral-analysis-of-moore-graphs-40406.md>)

Original publisher: [Read original article](<https://www.jeremykun.com/2016/11/03/a-spectral-analysis-of-moore-graphs/>)

Published: 2016-11-03T08:00:14Z

Content type: tutorial

Language: en

Sources: [Jeremy Kun](<https://devfeed.tech/sources/jeremy-kun.md>)

Topics: [Graphs](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/graphs.md>)

Tags: [adjacency-matrix](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/adjacency-matrix.md>), [eigenvalues](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/eigenvalues.md>), [eigenvectors](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/eigenvectors.md>), [graph](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/graph.md>), [graphs](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/graphs.md>), [math](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/math.md>), [matrix](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/matrix.md>), [moore-graph](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/moore-graph.md>), [orthogonality](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/orthogonality.md>), [regular](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/regular.md>), [spectral-graph-theory](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/spectral-graph-theory.md>), [trace](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/trace.md>), [vertex](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/vertex.md>)

### AI overview

This mathematical article analyzes Moore graphs of girth 5 using the eigenvalues of their adjacency matrices. It derives the minimum vertex count and shows that the degree must be one of 3, 7, or 57.

### Source excerpt

For fixed integers $ r > 0$, and odd $ g$, a Moore graph is an $ r$-regular graph of girth $ g$ which has the minimum number of vertices $ n$ among all such graphs with the same regularity and girth. (Recall, A the girth of a graph is the length of its shortest cycle, and it's regular if all its vertices have the same degree) Problem (Hoffman-Singleton): Find a useful constraint on the relationship between $ n$ and $ r$ for Moore graphs of girth $ 5$ and degree $ r$.

## Row Reduction Over A Field

DevFeed: [Row Reduction Over A Field](<https://devfeed.tech/articles/row-reduction-over-a-field-40251.md>)

Original publisher: [Read original article](<https://www.jeremykun.com/2011/12/30/row-reduction-over-a-field/>)

Published: 2011-12-30T15:36:28Z

Content type: tutorial

Language: en

Sources: [Jeremy Kun](<https://devfeed.tech/sources/jeremy-kun.md>)

Topics: [Computing](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/computing.md>), [Optimization](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/optimization.md>)

Tags: [eigenvalues](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/eigenvalues.md>), [eigenvectors](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/eigenvectors.md>), [field](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/field.md>), [linear-algebra](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/linear-algebra.md>), [linear-maps](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/linear-maps.md>), [mathematics](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/mathematics.md>), [matrices](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/matrices.md>), [optimization](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/optimization.md>), [programming](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/programming.md>), [python](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/python.md>), [row-reduction](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/row-reduction.md>)

### AI overview

This tutorial introduces row reduction over a field through matrices representing linear maps between finite-dimensional vector spaces. It explains row equivalence and describes how suitable matrix forms help determine kernels, images, dimensions, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors, with applications to persistent homology and optimization problems.

### Source excerpt

We're quite eager to get to applications of algebraic topology to things like machine learning (in particular, persistent homology). Even though there's a massive amount of theory behind it (and we do plan to cover some of the theory), a lot of the actual computations boil down to working with matrices. Of course, this means we're in the land of linear algebra; for a refresher on the terminology, see our primers on linear algebra.

## Inner Product Spaces--A Primer

DevFeed: [Inner Product Spaces--A Primer](<https://devfeed.tech/articles/inner-product-spaces-a-primer-40231.md>)

Original publisher: [Read original article](<https://www.jeremykun.com/2011/07/25/inner-product-spaces-a-primer/>)

Published: 2011-07-25T00:29:00Z

Content type: tutorial

Language: en

Sources: [Jeremy Kun](<https://devfeed.tech/sources/jeremy-kun.md>)

Topics: [Mathematics](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/mathematics.md>), [Math and Logic](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/math-and-logic.md>), [Computing](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/computing.md>)

Tags: [big-o-notation](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/big-o-notation.md>), [eigenvectors](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/eigenvectors.md>), [inner-product](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/inner-product.md>), [mathematics](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/mathematics.md>), [matrices](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/matrices.md>), [orthogonality](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/orthogonality.md>), [symmetry](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/symmetry.md>), [vector-spaces](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/vector-spaces.md>), [vectors](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/vectors.md>)

### AI overview

This primer explains why vector spaces can be extended with a dot-product-like operation and defines inner products through conjugate symmetry, linearity, additivity, and positive definiteness. It introduces inner product spaces and discusses their connection to linear functionals.

### Source excerpt

Vector spaces alone are not enough to do a lot of the interesting things we'd like them to do. Since a vector space is a generalization of Euclidean space, it is natural for us to investigate more specific types of vector spaces which are more akin to Euclidean space. In particular, we want to include the notion of a dot product. By admitting additional structure to a vector space, we may perform more computations, and hopefully get more interesting results.

## Google's Page Rank--The Final Product

DevFeed: [Google's Page Rank--The Final Product](<https://devfeed.tech/articles/google-s-page-rank-the-final-product-40206.md>)

Original publisher: [Read original article](<https://www.jeremykun.com/2011/06/20/googles-page-rank-the-final-product/>)

Published: 2011-06-20T22:07:41Z

Content type: tutorial

Language: en

Sources: [Jeremy Kun](<https://devfeed.tech/sources/jeremy-kun.md>)

Topics: [Google](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/google.md>), [Matrix](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/matrix-org.md>), [math](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/math.md>), [Web](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/web.md>)

Tags: [computational-complexity](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/computational-complexity.md>), [eigenvalues](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/eigenvalues.md>), [eigenvectors](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/eigenvectors.md>), [google](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/google.md>), [mathematics](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/mathematics.md>), [matrix](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/matrix.md>), [page-rank](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/page-rank.md>), [probability-theory](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/probability-theory.md>), [programming](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/programming.md>), [pseudocode](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/pseudocode.md>), [ranking](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/ranking.md>), [search-engine](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/search-engine.md>), [web](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/web.md>)

### AI overview

This article explains how PageRank addresses dangling nodes and non-unique rankings. It introduces positive column-stochastic matrices and the Perron-Frobenius Theorem, then uses random web surfing as a probability-based intuition for webpage importance.

### Source excerpt

Dangling Nodes and Non-Uniqueness Recall where we left off last time. Given a web $ W$ with no dangling nodes, the link matrix for $ W$ has 1 as an eigenvalue, and if the corresponding eigenspace has dimension 1, then any associated eigenvector gives a ranking of the pages in $ W$ which is consistent with our goals. The first problem is that if there is a dangling node, our link matrix has a column of all zeros, and is no longer column-stochastic.

## Linear Algebra--A Primer

DevFeed: [Linear Algebra--A Primer](<https://devfeed.tech/articles/linear-algebra-a-primer-40204.md>)

Original publisher: [Read original article](<https://www.jeremykun.com/2011/06/19/linear-algebra-a-primer/>)

Published: 2011-06-19T18:39:40Z

Content type: tutorial

Language: en

Sources: [Jeremy Kun](<https://devfeed.tech/sources/jeremy-kun.md>)

Topics: [Mathematics](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/mathematics.md>), [Matrix](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/matrix-org.md>), [Graphs](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/graphs.md>)

Tags: [adjacency-matrix](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/adjacency-matrix.md>), [algebra](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/algebra.md>), [eigenvalues](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/eigenvalues.md>), [eigenvectors](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/eigenvectors.md>), [graph](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/graph.md>), [history](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/history.md>), [linear-algebra](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/linear-algebra.md>), [linear-independence](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/linear-independence.md>), [linear-maps](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/linear-maps.md>), [mathematics](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/mathematics.md>), [matrices](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/matrices.md>), [matrix](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/matrix.md>), [primer](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/primer.md>), [transformation](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/transformation.md>), [vector](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/vector.md>), [vector-spaces](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/vector-spaces.md>)

### AI overview

This primer introduces linear algebra through its historical origins in solving systems of linear equations. It explains determinants, matrices, vector algebra, and linear transformations, and shows how matrices can model graphs and compute path counts.

### Source excerpt

Story Time Linear algebra was founded around the same time as Calculus (think Leibniz, circa 1700) solely for the purpose of solving general systems of linear equations. The coefficients of a system were written in a grid form, with rows corresponding to equations and columns to the unknown variables. Using a computational tool called the determinant (an awkward, but computable formula involving only the coefficients of the equations in a system), researchers were able to solve these systems, opening a world of information about the positions of celestial bodies and large-scale measurements (of geodesic arcs) on the surface of the earth.

## Google's PageRank--A First Attempt

DevFeed: [Google's PageRank--A First Attempt](<https://devfeed.tech/articles/google-s-pagerank-a-first-attempt-40203.md>)

Original publisher: [Read original article](<https://www.jeremykun.com/2011/06/18/googles-pagerank-a-first-attempt/>)

Published: 2011-06-18T18:05:20Z

Content type: article

Language: en

Sources: [Jeremy Kun](<https://devfeed.tech/sources/jeremy-kun.md>)

Topics: [Graphs](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/graphs.md>), [graph theory](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/graph-theory.md>), [Web](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/web.md>), [Algorithm](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/algorithm.md>), [Internet](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/internet.md>), [structure](<https://devfeed.tech/topics/structure.md>)

Tags: [algorithm](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/algorithm.md>), [analysis](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/analysis.md>), [eigenvalues](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/eigenvalues.md>), [eigenvectors](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/eigenvectors.md>), [google](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/google.md>), [graph](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/graph.md>), [graph-theory](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/graph-theory.md>), [internet](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/internet.md>), [mathematics](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/mathematics.md>), [page-rank](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/page-rank.md>), [ranking](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/ranking.md>), [search-engine](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/search-engine.md>), [structure](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/structure.md>), [vertex](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/vertex.md>), [web](<https://devfeed.tech/tags/web.md>)

### AI overview

This post models the Web as a directed graph and introduces PageRank-style importance scoring for web pages. It first considers ranking pages by incoming-link counts, then explains why treating every link as equally valuable is inadequate and motivates weighting links by the importance of the linking page.

### Source excerpt

The Web as a Graph The goal of this post is to assign an "importance score" $ x_i \in [0,1]$ to each of a set of web pages indexed $ v_i$ in a way that consistently captures our idea of which websites are likely to be important. But before we can extract information from the structure of the internet, we need to have a mathematical description of that structure. Enter graph theory.