# partitions Published articles for partitions. This is one page of public article previews, not the complete archive. Follow Next page to continue. Summaries are not the original full articles. ## Instrumenting AI: Multi-master replication and the split brain problem DevFeed: [Instrumenting AI: Multi-master replication and the split brain problem]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: hello@ankit-rana.com Published: 2026-05-17T00:00:00Z Content type: article Language: en Sources: [Ankit Rana | Mechanical Sympathy]() Topics: [distributed-systems](), [Databases](), [AI Infrastructure](), [Raft](), [Availability](), [Network]() Tags: [ai](), [ai-infrastructure](), [conflict-resolution](), [consensus](), [database](), [distributed-systems](), [network](), [partitions](), [paxos](), [raft](), [split-brain]() ### AI overview The article explains how multi-master replication can produce split-brain behavior during network partitions. Both masters may accept conflicting writes, and reconciliation after the partition can discard valid data through last-write-wins rules. It presents Raft and Paxos quorum requirements as a way to prevent a second active brain. ### Source excerpt In multi-master replication every node accepts writes, so when the network partitions both masters stay active and accept conflicting writes into isolated silos. On heal, automated conflict resolution usually falls back to last-write-wins, which blindly discards valid data. Raft and Paxos prevent this by requiring an odd node count and a strict majority: an isolated leader cannot reach quorum, so it steps down instead of forming a second brain. ## Event-Driven Architecture with Apache Kafka DevFeed: [Event-Driven Architecture with Apache Kafka]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: hello@ankit-rana.com Published: 2026-03-16T00:00:00Z Content type: tutorial Language: en Sources: [Ankit Rana | Mechanical Sympathy]() Topics: [event driven](), [Kafka](), [Apache-Kafka](), [Scalability](), [Resilience](), [streaming-data-processing](), [Latency](), [systems]() Tags: [apache-kafka](), [architecture](), [asynchronous](), [consumer](), [distributed-systems](), [event-driven-architecture](), [event-sourcing](), [kafka](), [microservices](), [partitions](), [real-time](), [resilience](), [scalability](), [schemas](), [stream-processing]() ### AI overview This tutorial explains event-driven architecture and how Apache Kafka supports asynchronous, real-time data processing. It covers producers, consumers, immutable events, event sourcing, scalability, resilience, stream-processing pipelines, and challenges such as ordering, debugging, and eventual consistency. ### Source excerpt Event-driven architecture replaces synchronous point-to-point calls with immutable events on a durable log, so producers and consumers scale and fail independently. Kafka provides that log: topics sharded into ordered append-only partitions, replicated across brokers, with consumer groups sharing partitions to scale read throughput. ## Waiting for PostgreSQL 19 - Implement ALTER TABLE ... MERGE/SPLIT PARTITIONS ... command DevFeed: [Waiting for PostgreSQL 19 - Implement ALTER TABLE ... MERGE/SPLIT PARTITIONS ... command]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: depesz Published: 2026-01-04T17:30:47Z Content type: opinion Language: en Sources: [select \* from depesz;]() Topics: [PostgreSQL](), [function]() Tags: [command](), [locking](), [merge](), [partition](), [partitioning](), [partitions](), [pg19](), [postgresql](), [split](), [uncategorized](), [waiting]() ### AI overview A PostgreSQL 19 development update describes the ALTER TABLE command for merging and splitting partitions. The patch was rolled back after earlier discussion, then recommitted; testing showed it worked as expected, with slightly less locking observed. Further changes may be needed before the feature reaches the final release. ### Source excerpt Important update This has been rolled back after some discussion. On 14th of December 2025, Alexander Korotkov committed patch: Implement ALTER TABLE ... MERGE PARTITIONS ... command This new DDL command merges several partitions into a single partition of the target table. The target partition is created using the new createPartitionTable() function with the ... Continue reading "Waiting for PostgreSQL 19 - Implement ALTER TABLE ... MERGE/SPLIT PARTITIONS ... command" ## The city of systems: Temporal, Kafka, and Nexus DevFeed: [The city of systems: Temporal, Kafka, and Nexus]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Tao Guo Published: 2025-12-10T00:00:00Z Content type: article Language: en Sources: [Temporal Blog]() Topics: [Kafka](), [Event-Streaming](), [distributed-systems]() Tags: [distributed-systems](), [event-streaming](), [kafka](), [partitions](), [publisher](), [queues](), [streaming](), [subscriber](), [temporal-voices]() ### AI overview The article presents Temporal, Kafka, and Nexus as complementary building blocks for distributed systems. It explains Kafka's publisher-subscriber model, consumer groups, and partitions, while noting that its high-volume event broadcasting can be vulnerable to lost signals and stalled processing. ### Source excerpt Temporal, Kafka, and Nexus create the blueprint for great distributed systems, balancing high-speed event streaming with guaranteed certainty. ## NixOS OTA Updates with systemd-sysupdate: Immutable A/B System Partitions DevFeed: [NixOS OTA Updates with systemd-sysupdate: Immutable A/B System Partitions]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Jacek Galowicz Published: 2025-11-03T00:00:00Z Content type: tutorial Language: en Sources: [Nixcademy Blog]() Topics: [Nix](), [systemd](), [Linux](), [Tutorial](), [systems]() Tags: [linux](), [ota](), [partitions](), [systemd](), [tutorial](), [updates]() ### AI overview A tutorial on using NixOS and systemd-sysupdate to build immutable A/B system partitions for over-the-air updates of minimal appliance systems. It explains the partition layout, update packages, configuration, and testing the update cycle in a virtual machine. ### Source excerpt NixOS systemd-sysupdate tutorial: build immutable A/B system partitions for over-the-air appliance updates. Part 3 of our NixOS image series. ## Waiting for PostgreSQL 19 - Support COPY TO for partitioned tables. DevFeed: [Waiting for PostgreSQL 19 - Support COPY TO for partitioned tables.]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: depesz Published: 2025-10-22T10:05:08Z Content type: article Language: en Sources: [select \* from depesz;]() Topics: [PostgreSQL](), [data]() Tags: [command](), [copy](), [partition](), [partitioning](), [partitions](), [performance](), [pg19](), [postgresql](), [uncategorized](), [waiting]() ### AI overview The article discusses a PostgreSQL patch committed by Masahiko Sawada that adds direct COPY TO support for partitioned tables. Previously, users had to use COPY (SELECT ...) TO as a workaround. The author's test found similar performance, with COPY from a table slightly slower in the reported case. ### Source excerpt On 20th of October 2025, Masahiko Sawada committed patch: Support COPY TO for partitioned tables. Previously, COPY TO command didn't support directly specifying partitioned tables so users had to use COPY (SELECT ...) TO variant. This commit adds direct COPY TO support for partitioned tables, improving both usability and performance. Performance tests show ... Continue reading "Waiting for PostgreSQL 19 - Support COPY TO for partitioned tables." ## Self-growing NixOS appliance images with systemd-repart DevFeed: [Self-growing NixOS appliance images with systemd-repart]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Jacek Galowicz Published: 2025-10-03T00:00:00Z Content type: tutorial Language: en Sources: [Nixcademy Blog]() Topics: [Nix](), [systemd](), [Linux](), [Disk image](), [systems]() Tags: [boot](), [build](), [how-to](), [linux](), [partitions](), [systemd]() ### AI overview This tutorial explains how to build small, bootable NixOS appliance images with systemd-repart that expand to use the available disk during the first boot. It introduces the approach as part of a series covering image minimization, OTA updates, and cross-compilation. ### Source excerpt How to build small, self-inflating NixOS images with systemd-repart that automatically repartition to use the full disk on the first boot. ## HoliPaxos: Towards More Predictable Performance in State Machine Replication DevFeed: [HoliPaxos: Towards More Predictable Performance in State Machine Replication]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Aleksey Charapko Published: 2025-08-12T20:42:29Z Content type: article Language: en Sources: [Aleksey Charapko]() Topics: [Replication](), [Protocol (disambiguation)](), [Algorithms](), [Algorithms, Complexity]() Tags: [consensus](), [management](), [network](), [other-thoughts](), [paper-review-and-summary](), [partitions](), [paxos](), [performance](), [protocol](), [replication]() ### AI overview The article introduces HoliPaxos, a paper proposing orthogonal optimizations to the classical MultiPaxos state machine replication protocol. The changes target more stable performance during slow-node conditions, network partitions, and log management while preserving MultiPaxos behavior in the common case. ### Source excerpt I will be presenting our new paper, "HoliPaxos: Towards More Predictable Performance in State Machine Replication," at the VLDB'25. Feel free to ping me if you are there and want to chat! This paper explores several orthogonal optimizations to the classical MultiPaxos state machine replication protocol to improve its performance stability in the presence of [...] ## Kafka, KRaft and Storage Tiers DevFeed: [Kafka, KRaft and Storage Tiers]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Published: 2022-05-21T00:00:00Z Content type: article Language: en Sources: [Gaurav Sarma's Blog]() Topics: [Kafka](), [Replication](), [Amazon Web Services](), [Confluent Cloud]() Tags: [aws](), [confluent-cloud](), [kafka](), [partitions](), [replication](), [zookeeper]() ### AI overview The article examines partition limits in managed Kafka services and explains how Kafka metadata is handled across controller nodes and ZooKeeper. It also covers partition parallelism, consumer assignment, replication, leader replicas, and the synchronization overhead and race conditions associated with the current system. ### Source excerpt I was recently looking at a managed Kafka service and came across services like AWS MSK and Kafka on Confluent Cloud. While comparing these services, I saw that there were limitations on the number of partitions allowed in a cluster... ## Moving to Tow-Boot: Towards Device-Independant Images DevFeed: [Moving to Tow-Boot: Towards Device-Independant Images]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Mobian team Published: 2022-03-30T00:00:00Z Content type: release Language: en Sources: [Mobian's Blog]() Topics: [Mobile](), [Linux](), [Arm](), [boot]() Tags: [arm](), [boot](), [bootloader](), [deprecated](), [devices](), [firmware](), [install](), [linux](), [mobile](), [partitions](), [storage](), [update]() ### AI overview Mobian explains its move toward device-independent images by requiring PinePhone and PinePhone Pro users to install Tow-Boot before flashing Mobian images. The change stops Mobian from embedding device-specific bootloader copies; existing installations should continue booting, while distribution-installed u-boot is deprecated. ### Source excerpt Mobian (and most of the Arm Linux ecosystem) have been dealing with device-specific boot sequences since our inception. However, recent changes have made it possible to standardise these. This blog post will discuss how these changes affect Mobian and the long term goal of creating a universal image for Mobian devices. Every problem has a solution Each ARM-based SoC implements its own boot sequence, looking for a bootloader at different locations on different storage devices. For example, the OG PinePhone's Allwinner A64 looks for it at an 8KiB offset, first on the SD card, then on the eMMC. The PinePhone Pro's RK3399 expects it to be either on a SPI flash device, or at offset 32KiB on the eMMC or the SD card. Until now, we dealt with those differences by generating per-device images, each one embedding a copy of the bootloader (u-boot in our case) at the exact offset expected by the SoC. However, this isn't very practical, as it prevents us from generating device-independent images, and it can have annoying side effects: in some cases, the bootloader can remain untouched on an SD card even after reformatting. Fortunately, there is way to work around this problem: by letting users install the bootloader themselves, either on the SPI flash (for devices including one) or the eMMC's boot partitions (which are left untouched when flashing new images to the device), we can stop embedding our own copy of the bootloader. Following the trend across the Mobile Linux community, we therefore settled for Tow-Boot as the recommended bootloader and will now require PinePhone (OG and Pro versions) users to install it before flashing a Mobian image to their devices. Existing Installs The most important part of this change is that it will not break existing installs. Distribution-installed u-boot is however deprecated and will not receive updates. If you do nothing but update, you will see the u-boot-sunxi (PinePhone) or u-boot-rockchip (PinePhone Pro) package removed. Removing it w ## ReactOS 0.4.6 released DevFeed: [ReactOS 0.4.6 released]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Published: 2017-09-01T00:00:00Z Content type: release Language: en Sources: [Front Page on ReactOS Website]() Topics: [ReactOS](), [version](), [Hardware](), [boot](), [kernels]() Tags: [compatibility](), [drivers](), [dual-boot](), [filesystem](), [free](), [hardware](), [kernels](), [loader](), [open-source](), [os](), [partitions](), [react](), [reactos](), [release](), [smb](), [software](), [tests](), [user-experience](), [version](), [win32](), [winapi]() ### AI overview The ReactOS Project released version 0.4.6, highlighting improvements in real hardware support, dual-boot and partition handling, custom kernel loading, drivers, application compatibility, user experience, and system stability. ### Source excerpt The ReactOS Project is pleased to release version 0.4.6 as a continuation of its three month cadence. 0.4.6 is a major step towards real hardware support. Several dual boot issues have been fixed and now partitions are managed in a safer way avoiding corruption of the partition list structures. ReactOS Loader can now load custom kernels and HALs. Printing Subsystem is still greenish in 0.4.6, however Colin Finck has implemented a huge number of new APIs and fixed some of the bugs reported and detected by the ReactOS automated tests. ## Conditional (Partitioned) Probability -- A Primer DevFeed: [Conditional (Partitioned) Probability -- A Primer]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Published: 2013-03-28T13:36:09Z Content type: tutorial Language: en Sources: [Jeremy Kun]() Topics: [math](), [function]() Tags: [bayes-theorem](), [conditional-probability](), [mathematics](), [partitions](), [primer](), [probability-theory](), [random-variables](), [set](), [theory]() ### AI overview A mathematically rigorous primer on conditional probability. It reviews finite probability spaces, probability mass functions, events, random variables, and partitions as tools for decomposing events and variables and reasoning about total probability. ### Source excerpt One of the main areas of difficulty in elementary probability, and one that requires the highest levels of scrutiny and rigor, is conditional probability. The ideas are simple enough: that we assign probabilities relative to the occurrence of some event. But shrewd applications of conditional probability (and in particular, efficient ways to compute conditional probability) are key to successful applications of this subject. This is the basis for Nate Silver's success, the logical flaws of many a political pundit, and the ability for a robot to tell where it is in an environment. ## Next month partitions DevFeed: [Next month partitions]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Dimitri Fontaine PostgreSQL Major Contributor; Author Published: 2011-07-27T20:35:00Z Content type: tutorial Language: en Sources: [Dimitri Fontaine]() Topics: [Query (disambiguation)](), [Script]() Tags: [partitions](), [query](), [scripts]() ### AI overview A short guide to checking whether the next monthly table partitions have been created, using a catalog query. It also mentions Nagios scripts for alerting when partition creation is forgotten and explains how partition naming supports query matching. ### Source excerpt When you do partition your tables monthly, then comes the question of when to create next partitions. I tend to create them just the week before next month and I have some nice nagios scripts to alert me in case I've forgotten to do so. How to check that by hand in the end of a month? ## Partitioning: relation size per "group" DevFeed: [Partitioning: relation size per "group"]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Dimitri Fontaine PostgreSQL Major Contributor; Author Published: 2010-07-26T15:00:00Z Content type: tutorial Language: en Sources: [Dimitri Fontaine]() Topics: [Structured-data]() Tags: [partition](), [partitioning](), [partitions](), [schema](), [table](), [window-functions]() ### AI overview A PostgreSQL-focused tutorial presents queries for aggregating disk usage across DDL-partitioned tables by partition set. It also discusses detailed table and index usage views and using window functions to compare historical partition-size changes. ### Source excerpt This time, we are trying to figure out where is the bulk of the data on disk. The trick is that we're using DDL partitioning, but we want a "nice" view of size per partition set. Meaning that if you have for example a parent table foo with partitions foo_201006 and foo_201007, you would want to see a single category foo containing the accumulated size of all the partitions underneath foo. ## ReactOS Newsletter 65: Cross-Platform Storage API and Sound Mixer Progress DevFeed: [ReactOS Newsletter 65: Cross-Platform Storage API and Sound Mixer Progress]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Published: 2009-10-11T00:00:00Z Content type: article Language: en Sources: [Front Page on ReactOS Website]() Topics: [ReactOS](), [cross-platform](), [x86](), [DRIVE](), [systems]() Tags: [api](), [audio](), [boot](), [compatibility](), [cross-platform](), [filesystem](), [free](), [open-source](), [os](), [partitions](), [react](), [reactos](), [storage](), [win32](), [winapi](), [x86]() ### AI overview ReactOS Newsletter 65 reports progress on a new name-based storage and bootloader API intended to improve cross-platform support, along with ongoing filesystem-driver updates, a compatibility layer, and sound mixer enumeration. ### Source excerpt Disks and Partitions One of the non-cross platform aspects of ReactOS was in how the bootloader dealt with disks and partitions. The naming scheme used was very x86 centric and also was limited in which partitions it could access. Hervé Poussineau started working on a new API to remove the limitations, one based on names instead of drive numbers. Previously on platforms like PPC and ARM, developers would have needed to give numbers to each storage device they wanted to use. ## ReactOS 0.3.10 Released DevFeed: [ReactOS 0.3.10 Released]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Published: 2009-07-05T00:00:00Z Content type: release Language: en Sources: [Front Page on ReactOS Website]() Topics: [ReactOS](), [Operating system](), [USB](), [Hardware](), [networking](), [MSVC](), [WINE]() Tags: [bugs](), [compatibility](), [free](), [hardware](), [msvc](), [networking](), [open-source](), [os](), [partitions](), [react](), [reactos](), [release](), [usb](), [version](), [win32](), [winapi](), [wine]() ### AI overview ReactOS 0.3.10 introduces the Universal ATA driver as the default disk driver, adding Serial ATA and support for partitions larger than 8GB. The release also includes initial USB keyboard and mouse support, improved networking, and other system changes, while remaining alpha-quality software with known bugs. ### Source excerpt ReactOS 0.3.10 Released The ReactOS team is proud to announce the release of ReactOS 0.3.10. This version is the first to use the Universal ATA driver as the default disk driver, adding support for Serial ATA and partitions greater than 8GB. In addition, recent work was done on the USB stack to increase compatibility with USB keyboards and mice. These features are still under heavy development and have several known bugs, but their inclusion should allow more people to run ReactOS on real hardware and are part of the extensive work to make ReactOS usable as an every day operating system. ## ReactOS Website back online again DevFeed: [ReactOS Website back online again]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Published: 2006-12-29T00:00:00Z Content type: news Language: en Sources: [Front Page on ReactOS Website]() Topics: [ReactOS](), [Website](), [RAID](), [Hardware](), [Server]() Tags: [free](), [hardware](), [open-source](), [os](), [partitions](), [raid](), [react](), [reactos](), [server](), [webserver](), [website](), [win32](), [winapi]() ### AI overview The ReactOS website returned online after being unavailable for two weeks because a failed RAID controller caused the server to lose its RAID partitions. The server hardware and hard-disk content were restored. ### Source excerpt ReactOS Website back online again ReactOS website has been offline for two weeks due to a hardware problem. Everything is back online! The RAID controller inside the server failed and "forgot" all RAID partitions, the reason is unknown. The server hardware and harddisk content has been restored and everything is back online again. Fixing the problem was not easy during christmas time. Thanks to all persons who have been involved in bringing the webserver back online.