# freebsd FreeBSD is an open-source UNIX-like operating system designed for computing platforms including servers, embedded systems, desktops, and networking equipment. This is one page of public article previews, not the complete archive. Follow Next page to continue. Summaries are not the original full articles. ## Learning at Scale: FreeBSD Foundation Intern Nimish Jain on Exploring the FreeBSD Codebase DevFeed: [Learning at Scale: FreeBSD Foundation Intern Nimish Jain on Exploring the FreeBSD Codebase]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Florine Kamdem Published: 2026-09-14T18:42:26Z Content type: article Language: en Sources: [FreeBSD Foundation]() Topics: [freebsd](), [Operating system](), [Software Engineering](), [Code review]() Tags: [blog](), [code-review](), [engineering](), [freebsd](), [intern]() ### AI overview A profile of FreeBSD Foundation intern Nimish Jain's summer work on the FreeBSD operating system. His projects included virtualization-driver upgrades, network filesystem connectivity work, and porting a Raspberry Pi installer; the article also describes code review and navigating a large codebase as learning experiences. ### Source excerpt For Nimish Jain, working on FreeBSD this summer meant getting an up-close look at something he had long been curious about: how large, complex pieces of software work together. A Software Engineering student at the University of Waterloo, Nimish is preparing to enter his second year. He was already a longtime FreeBSD user when he [...] The post Learning at Scale: FreeBSD Foundation Intern Nimish Jain on Exploring the FreeBSD Codebase first appeared on FreeBSD Foundation. ## Abliterated Models Show Verdict Bias in FreeBSD Kernel Bug Hunting DevFeed: [Abliterated Models Show Verdict Bias in FreeBSD Kernel Bug Hunting]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: clearbluejar Published: 2026-09-01T06:00:00Z Content type: article Language: en Sources: [clearbluejar]() Topics: [freebsd](), [vulnerability](), [bug](), [Kernel](), [gemma4](), [Testing](), [gemma]() Tags: [bug](), [bug-hunting](), [cve](), [false-positives](), [freebsd](), [gemma](), [gemma-4](), [kernel](), [llms](), [testing](), [vulnerability](), [vulnerability-research]() ### AI overview The article examines local abliterated open-weight models during vulnerability scanning of FreeBSD kernel source. Compared with base models of the same family and size, the modified models produced substantially more candidate and VALID findings, including false positives, while the most aggressive build did not surface the real CVE in a 28-file scan. The article describes this tendency as verdict bias: a greater willingness to return positive findings under uncertainty. ### Source excerpt Abliterated models never refuse, which makes them tempting for bug hunting. But on the same kernel source, they graduate three to four times as many findings to VALID, including false positives the base correctly rejects, and across a 28-file scan of FreeBSD's sys/rpc the most aggressive build never surfaced the real CVE at all. ## BSDCan 2026 Trip Report - ShengYi Hung DevFeed: [BSDCan 2026 Trip Report - ShengYi Hung]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Florine Kamdem Published: 2026-07-22T05:40:54Z Content type: article Language: en Sources: [FreeBSD Foundation]() Topics: [freebsd](), [scheduling](), [cpu](), [LLVM]() Tags: [blog](), [conference](), [developers](), [report]() ### AI overview A personal report on attending BSDCan 2026 in Ottawa, including DevSummit discussions about AI and project maintainability, FreeBSD development work, heterogeneous CPU scheduling, CPU power throttling, and Thread Local Storage. ### Source excerpt I'm really grateful to the FreeBSD Foundation for sponsoring my trip to BSDCan 2026 in Ottawa. The conference ran for four days -- two days of DevSummit, then two days of the main conference, with many interesting talks throughout. For me, it's mainly a chance to talk with developers I don't otherwise get to reach [...] The post BSDCan 2026 Trip Report - ShengYi Hung first appeared on FreeBSD Foundation. ## FreeBSD Foundation Welcomes New Board Member: Dave Cottlehuber DevFeed: [FreeBSD Foundation Welcomes New Board Member: Dave Cottlehuber]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Anne Dickison Published: 2026-07-17T01:32:52Z Content type: news Language: en Sources: [FreeBSD Foundation]() Topics: [freebsd](), [Open Source](), [release engineering](), [Unix]() Tags: [2026](), [blog](), [community](), [foundation](), [freebsd](), [open-source](), [release-engineering]() ### AI overview Dave Cottlehuber was elected to the FreeBSD Foundation Board on June 15, 2026. In an interview, he discusses his path from OpenBSD and UNIX experience to FreeBSD, his community involvement, and his motivation to serve on the board. ### Source excerpt FreeBSD Community member and former Core Representative, Dave Cottlehuber, was elected to the FreeBSD Foundation Board during the Annual Meeting on June 15, 2026. We sat down with Dave to learn more about his history with FreeBSD and what he's most looking forward to accomplishing during his tenure. Tell us a little about yourself, and how [...] The post FreeBSD Foundation Welcomes New Board Member: Dave Cottlehuber first appeared on FreeBSD Foundation. ## System Over Model, Tested: Reproducing Mythos's FreeBSD Find on Local Open-Weight Models DevFeed: [System Over Model, Tested: Reproducing Mythos's FreeBSD Find on Local Open-Weight Models]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: clearbluejar Published: 2026-06-04T07:00:00Z Content type: article Language: en Sources: [clearbluejar]() Topics: [freebsd](), [gpt-oss](), [Artificial Intelligence](), [gemma4](), [bug](), [Large Language Model](), [Benchmark](), [Python]() Tags: [ai](), [benchmark](), [cve](), [false-positives](), [freebsd](), [gemma-4](), [gpt-oss](), [llm](), [llms](), [python](), [rce](), [vulnerability-research]() ### AI overview This article tests AISLE's vulnerability-finding pipeline on the local open-weight models gpt-oss-20b and gemma-4-31b-it using a FreeBSD RCE as the benchmark. The models initially appeared to miss the bug, but a rerun recovered it. The author reports that adding a reachability stage reduced false positives from 30 to 5 while retaining the CVE finding. ### Source excerpt Mythos found a 17-year-old FreeBSD RCE; AISLE reproduced it with gpt-5.4-nano via their nano-analyzer pipeline. I ran the pipeline on two local open-weight models, gpt-oss-20b and gemma-4-31b-it. The misses recovered on re-run. The real problem was the false-positive rate, and one extra system stage cut it from 30 to 5 with the CVE still standing. ## How to list upgradeable packages on FreeBSD using pkg DevFeed: [How to list upgradeable packages on FreeBSD using pkg]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Vivek Gite Published: 2025-03-16T20:25:39Z Content type: tutorial Language: en Sources: [nixCraft: Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials, And Ideas In Blog Format (RSS/FEED)]() Topics: [freebsd](), [upgrade]() Tags: [command](), [dry-run](), [easy](), [freebsd](), [how-to](), [packages](), [system]() ### AI overview A practical FreeBSD guide to listing packages that need upgrades with pkg. It explains package status markers, filtering results, applying upgrades, and using dry-run mode to preview changes. ### Source excerpt Here is a quick list of all upgradeable packages on FreeBSD using pkg command. This is equivalent to apt list --upgradable command on my Debian or Ubuntu Linux system. Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit The post How to list upgradeable packages on FreeBSD using pkg appeared first on nixCraft. ## How to install KSH on FreeBSD DevFeed: [How to install KSH on FreeBSD]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Vivek Gite Published: 2025-03-03T23:50:59Z Content type: tutorial Language: en Sources: [nixCraft: Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials, And Ideas In Blog Format (RSS/FEED)]() Topics: [freebsd](), [Unix](), [Shell](), [Script](), [legacy systems]() Tags: [administration](), [easy](), [freebsd](), [how-to](), [install](), [legacy-systems](), [scripting](), [shell](), [unix]() ### AI overview A tutorial on installing KornShell on FreeBSD using either the ports collection or the pkg package manager. It also covers selecting the installed shell, locating KSH packages, accessing documentation, and the relevance of KSH for legacy Unix scripting and system administration. ### Source excerpt Installing KSH (KornShell) on FreeBSD can be done with either FreeBSD ports or the pkg command. The ports collection will download the KSH source code, compile it, and install it on the system. The pkg method is easier, and it will download a pre-compiled binary package. Hence, it is recommended for all users. KornShell (KSH) has a long history, and many older Unix systems and scripts rely on it. As a result, KSH remains relevant for maintaining and supporting legacy infrastructure. Large enterprises, especially those with established Unix-based systems, continue to use KSH for scripting and system administration tasks. Some industries where KSH is still commonly used include finance and telecommunications. While Bash has become the dominant shell in many Linux distributions, KSH still holds a significant presence in Unix-like environments, particularly in legacy systems. Therefore, installing KSH and practicing with it is worthwhile if you plan to work in such environments. Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit The post How to install KSH on FreeBSD appeared first on nixCraft. ## How to tell if FreeBSD needs a Reboot using kernel version check DevFeed: [How to tell if FreeBSD needs a Reboot using kernel version check]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Vivek Gite Published: 2025-02-23T22:07:23Z Content type: tutorial Language: en Sources: [nixCraft: Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials, And Ideas In Blog Format (RSS/FEED)]() Topics: [freebsd](), [Kernel](), [Ansible](), [Command-line interface](), [Bash](), [Security](), [Server]() Tags: [ansible](), [easy](), [freebsd](), [how-to](), [kernel](), [security](), [server](), [shell](), [shell-script]() ### AI overview A practical guide to determining whether a FreeBSD system needs a reboot after updates. It explains how to compare the running and installed kernel versions, use shell commands and scripts, and automate checks across a server fleet with Ansible. ### Source excerpt Keeping your FreeBSD server or workstation updated is crucial for security and stability. However, after applying updates, especially kernel updates, you might wonder, "Do I need to reboot my system?" Let's simplify this process and provide a straightforward method for determining whether a reboot is necessary using the CLI, shell script, and ansible playbook. Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit The post How to tell if FreeBSD needs a Reboot using kernel version check appeared first on nixCraft. ## ZFS Raidz Expansion Finally, Here in version 2.3.0 DevFeed: [ZFS Raidz Expansion Finally, Here in version 2.3.0]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Vivek Gite Published: 2025-01-14T09:19:20Z Content type: release Language: en Sources: [nixCraft: Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials, And Ideas In Blog Format (RSS/FEED)]() Topics: [Filesystems](), [RAID](), [releases](), [Linux](), [freebsd](), [Caching](), [NVMe](), [JSON](), [bug](), [make]() Tags: [bug](), [debian-linux](), [file-system](), [freebsd](), [hard-disk](), [io](), [json](), [linux](), [linux-news](), [nvme](), [raid](), [releases](), [sysadmins](), [testing](), [zfs]() ### AI overview OpenZFS 2.3.0 introduces RAIDZ expansion, allowing devices to be added to an existing RAIDZ pool to increase capacity without downtime. The release also includes faster deduplication, direct I/O, optional JSON output for ZFS commands, longer file and directory names, and bug fixes. ### Source excerpt After years of development and testing, the ZFS raidz expansion is finally here and has been released as part of version 2.3.0. ZFS is a popular file system for Linux and FreeBSD. RAIDz is like RAID 5, which you find with hardware or Linux software raid devices. It protects your data by spreading it across multiple hard disks along with parity information. A raidz device can have single, double, or triple parity to sustain one, two, or three hard disk failures, respectively, without losing any data. Hence, expanding or adding a new HDD is a very handy feature for sysadmins in today's data-sensitive apps. Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit The post ZFS Raidz Expansion Finally, Here in version 2.3.0 appeared first on nixCraft. ## How to shutdown FreeBSD laptop when running out of battery power DevFeed: [How to shutdown FreeBSD laptop when running out of battery power]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Vivek Gite Published: 2024-07-28T11:28:02Z Content type: tutorial Language: en Sources: [nixCraft: Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials, And Ideas In Blog Format (RSS/FEED)]() Topics: [freebsd](), [Script](), [Command-line interface](), [Shell](), [Terminal](), [email](), [Process](), [Amazon Web Services]() Tags: [battery](), [cli](), [command-line](), [easy](), [email](), [freebsd](), [how-to](), [laptop](), [power](), [process](), [script](), [server](), [shell]() ### AI overview This tutorial shows how to monitor battery status on a FreeBSD laptop with sysctl, send alerts through email or a mobile API, and run a background shell script from cron to shut down the laptop when power is critically low. ### Source excerpt Email alert example before FreeBSD-based laptop will be shutdown by the script Email alert example before FreeBSD-based laptop will be shutdown by the script Email alert example before FreeBSD-based laptop will be shutdown by the script Email alert example before FreeBSD-based laptop will be shutdown by the script Email alert example before FreeBSD-based laptop will [...] Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit The post How to shutdown FreeBSD laptop when running out of battery power appeared first on nixCraft. ## Shell script to see Time-To-Live (TTL) for a DNS record on Linux, Unix, macOS and FreeBSD DevFeed: [Shell script to see Time-To-Live (TTL) for a DNS record on Linux, Unix, macOS and FreeBSD]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Vivek Gite Published: 2024-07-26T18:05:44Z Content type: tutorial Language: en Sources: [nixCraft: Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials, And Ideas In Blog Format (RSS/FEED)]() Topics: [Shell](), [Script](), [Bash](), [TTL in DNS](), [Caching](), [Command-line interface](), [Linux](), [authoritative name server](), [freebsd](), [macOS](), [Unix](), [nslookup]() Tags: [authoritative-name-server](), [bash](), [bash-shell](), [caching](), [dig-command](), [dns](), [easy](), [freebsd](), [linux](), [macos](), [script](), [shell](), [ttl-in-dns](), [unix]() ### AI overview A Bash shell script uses the dig command to display the Time-to-Live values for A, AAAA, and MX DNS records on Linux, Unix-like systems, macOS, and FreeBSD. The article also explains how DNS TTL affects resolver caching and authoritative name-server load. ### Source excerpt TTL is an acronym for Time-To-Live (TTL) in DNS. It sets the time in seconds that a DNS record is allowed to be cached by DNS resolvers (caching server) before it needs to be fetched again from the authoritative name server. In other words, longer TTL can reduce the load on authoritative DNS servers and improve response times by keeping records in the cache longer. The shorter TTL is useful for frequently changing DNS records, as it ensures that updates are propagated quickly across the Internet. Say you want to see the Time-To-Live (TTL) value for a given DNS record for A, AAAA, and MX. Here is a sample shell script that works on Linux, Unix, and macOS. You must have the bash and dig command installed. Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit The post Shell script to see Time-To-Live (TTL) for a DNS record on Linux, Unix, macOS and FreeBSD appeared first on nixCraft. ## How to find out AWS EC2 instances type over SSH DevFeed: [How to find out AWS EC2 instances type over SSH]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: Vivek Gite Published: 2024-05-26T11:51:12Z Content type: tutorial Language: en Sources: [nixCraft: Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials, And Ideas In Blog Format (RSS/FEED)]() Topics: [Amazon EC2](), [Amazon Web Services](), [ssh](), [Linux](), [freebsd](), [Unix](), [Cloud]() Tags: [amazon-cloud-computing](), [aws](), [bash](), [commands](), [curl](), [curl-command](), [easy](), [ec2](), [freebsd](), [how-to](), [linux](), [ssh](), [sysadmin](), [systems](), [tutorial](), [unix]() ### AI overview A quick tutorial showing how to identify the instance type of an AWS EC2 or Lightsail virtual machine over SSH. It covers commands using dmesg, instance metadata, system files, dmidecode, Bash, and ec2-metadata on Linux, FreeBSD, and Unix systems. ### Source excerpt AWS offers various instance types, and sometimes, you need to know which one you are using or which one has been deployed by someone else (another developer or sysadmin) for a project. Don't worry. Here are some commands to find the EC2 instance type over SSH without logging into the AWS console. These commands works with any Linux distro or FreeBSD Unix systems. Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - Reddit The post How to find out AWS EC2 instances type over SSH appeared first on nixCraft. ## Testing RFC 3514's IPv4 "Evil Bit" on FreeBSD and Linux DevFeed: [Testing RFC 3514's IPv4 "Evil Bit" on FreeBSD and Linux]() Original publisher: [Read original article]() Author: ben@benjojo.co.uk Published: 2015-11-26T13:22:18Z Content type: article Language: en Sources: [benjojo blog]() Topics: [Network](), [Security](), [Linux Kernel](), [freebsd](), [Gin]() Tags: [freebsd](), [ipv4](), [kernel](), [linux-kernel](), [network](), [rfc](), [security]() ### AI overview The article investigates whether systems actually set or filter the "Evil Bit" specified by the joke RFC 3514. It describes testing and patching FreeBSD and Linux kernels, then checking which sites rejected packets carrying the bit. ### Source excerpt I may be the only evil (bit) user on the internet Almost every year a joke RFC is made on April 1st (these have caught on so well, that it's now common to see more than one of these every year